This story by K.A. Abbas is about a girl named Sulekha — called Bholi, meaning "simpleton" — who is considered worthless by her family and society, but is transformed by the power of education and the encouragement of a dedicated teacher. Before you read, think about the following.
Prediction 1: Bholi is sent to school not because her parents value education, but because they have given up on her prospects. How do you think this experience might affect her — positively or negatively?
Prediction 2: Have you ever been underestimated by someone — been thought incapable of something you later proved you could do? How did that feel, and what changed your situation?
Think About It: Society often judges people by their physical appearance or by labels given to them in childhood. How fair is this, and what role can education play in changing such judgements?
Vocabulary Warm-Up
Simpleton A foolish or gullible person; one considered simple-minded
Disfigured Spoiled in appearance; having the features altered in a damaging way
Stammered Spoke with involuntary pauses and repetitions
Contempt The feeling that something or someone is worthless; scorn
Izzat Honour; social reputation (Urdu/Hindi word used in the story)
Prosperous Wealthy and successful; thriving financially
Key themes to watch for:
The transformative power of education and an encouraging teacher · Gender discrimination and the devaluing of the girl child in traditional society · The courage to resist social pressure · The difference between a name (Bholi — simpleton) and a true identity (Sulekha — the woman who speaks clearly at the end) · How labels can trap people in identities they do not deserve.
KA
K.A. Abbas
Indian Author1914–1987Urdu / English WriterSocial Realism
Khwaja Ahmad Abbas was a celebrated Indian author, journalist, and filmmaker known for his deeply humanistic and socially conscious work. Writing in both Urdu and English, he produced novels, short stories, screenplays, and journalism that consistently championed the rights of ordinary people — particularly the poor, women, and the marginalised. His stories, including Bholi, reflect his lifelong commitment to the ideals of social reform, gender equality, and the transformative power of education. Several of his screenplays became landmark films in Hindi cinema.
The Story — Bholi
1
Her real name was Sulekha, but ever since childhood everyone had called her Bholi — the simpleton. She was the fourth and youngest daughter of Numberdar Ramlal, a prosperous farmer with three sons and four daughters. When she was barely ten months old, she had fallen off her cot and hurt her head; this accident had left some damage that made her a slow learner, different from the other children. As if that were not enough, she was struck by smallpox at the age of two, which left her face permanently covered in deep dark pockmarks. Her eyes alone were left untouched. She had not been able to speak until she was five, and when she finally did begin to talk, she stammered so badly that other children mocked and imitated her — so she grew quieter and quieter, saying as little as possible. Imagery
2
Ramlal was worried about this daughter. His other children were healthy and well-settled: his sons had gone to the city for education and careers; his eldest daughter Radha was already married; Mangla's match had been arranged; Champa's turn would come next. They were good-looking girls and finding bridegrooms for them had been easy. But Bholi — plain, pockmarked, slow — seemed to have no future at all. She had been neglected at home all her life. New clothes were never made for her; she wore the cast-offs of her sisters. No one thought to mend or wash her clothes, or to oil and comb her hair. Irony
Read and Find Out — Check 1
Why is Bholi's father worried about her?
For what unusual reasons is Bholi sent to school?
Ans 1: Ramlal is worried because Bholi has no physical beauty (due to pockmarks), no intelligence (due to childhood brain damage), and stammers — all of which, in the society he lives in, make her very difficult to get married. He fears she may remain unmarried for life, which he considers a social and familial burden.
Ans 2: Bholi is sent to school not out of any genuine care for her education. The Tehsildar, a government revenue official, pressures Ramlal — as a government representative — to set an example by sending his daughters to school. Ramlal's wife then suggests sending Bholi specifically because she is considered a hopeless case: no one expects anything of her, so it does not matter if "the teachers at school worry about her" instead of the family. School is effectively used as a dumping ground for the child no one wants to deal with.
3
The next morning, Ramlal took Bholi by the hand to walk her to school. She was terrified. She had no idea what a school was. In her mind, she pictured being led away like their old cow Lakshmi, who had been sold and taken from the house. She screamed and pulled her hand away. Her father scolded her and his wife dressed her in Champa's old shrunken frock — the first clean garment Bholi had worn in a long time. Even her hair was oiled and combed. For the first time in her life, someone had taken care of her appearance. And she began, very tentatively, to feel that perhaps this place was better than home. Simile
4
At school, the children were already in their classrooms. Bholi sat in the corner the headmistress pointed to, looking around with wide, frightened eyes. But she was glad to see so many other girls her own age — perhaps one of them might become a friend. The teacher in her classroom was explaining something, though Bholi could not follow. Then she noticed the pictures on the wall — a brown horse, a black goat, a green parrot, a white cow just like their Lakshmi — and she was absorbed. Then the teacher was suddenly beside her, smiling gently. Imagery
5
"What is your name, little one?" the teacher asked. Bholi tried to say her name and could manage no more than "Bh-Bho-Bho—" before she dissolved in tears, head bowed, waiting for the laughter she knew would follow. But when the school bell rang and the other girls poured out, the teacher did not leave. Her voice, calling Bholi's name, was like nothing Bholi had ever heard before — soft, warm, unhurried. "Get up," the teacher said — not as a command, but as an invitation. She encouraged Bholi to try her name again, praising every small sound she managed, patting her affectionately. Personification
Read and Find Out — Check 2
Does Bholi enjoy her first day at school?
Does she find her teacher different from the people at home?
Ans 1: Her first day is a mixture of fear and unexpected hope. She is frightened at first, cannot understand what the teacher says, and stammers badly when asked her name — breaking into tears. But she is also glad to see other girls her age, fascinated by the colourful pictures on the wall, and deeply moved by the teacher's kindness. By the end of the day, she feels a new hope stirring inside her.
Ans 2: Yes, completely. At home, Bholi was ignored, mocked, and treated as a burden. The teacher, by contrast, notices her, speaks to her with warmth and patience, encourages her, and promises her that she will one day speak without a stammer. For the first time, an adult is treating Bholi as someone with potential — not as a hopeless case to be managed.
6
"In one month you will be able to read this book," the teacher told her, handing her a colourful picture-book. "Then I will give you a bigger book, then a still bigger one. In time you will be more learned than anyone in the village. No one will laugh at you any more. You will speak without the slightest stammer." Bholi looked up, searching the teacher's face for mockery. There was none. As she walked home, she felt as if all the temple bells in the village were ringing at once, and as if the trees outside the school had burst into great red flowers. A new hope had taken root in her heart. MetaphorImagery
7
The years passed. The village grew into a small town; the primary school became a high school; a cinema and a cotton ginning mill appeared; even the mail train began to stop at their station. One evening, Ramlal told his wife that Bishamber Nath, a wealthy grocer from another village, had proposed marriage for Bholi. Bholi's mother was overjoyed — the man was well-to-do, owned a shop and a house, had money in the bank, and was not demanding any dowry. There were some concerns — Bishamber was around Ramlal's own age, walked with a limp, and had grown children from his first marriage — but her mother dismissed these. "If we don't accept this proposal, she may remain unmarried all her life." Bholi, lying awake in the courtyard, heard every word. Irony
Read and Find Out — Check 3
Why do Bholi's parents accept Bishamber's marriage proposal?
Why does the marriage not take place?
Ans 1: Bholi's parents accept the proposal primarily because they consider their options extremely limited. Bishamber Nath is wealthy, is not asking for a dowry, and does not know about Bholi's pockmarks or her perceived lack of intelligence. They fear that if they refuse, no one else will ever come forward and Bholi will remain unmarried — which they see as a social disgrace and a lifelong burden on the family.
Ans 2: At the wedding ceremony, when the veil is lifted from Bholi's face, Bishamber sees her pockmarks and halts the proceedings. He demands five thousand rupees as a condition of continuing the marriage — essentially extorting money in exchange for accepting a bride he now considers flawed. Ramlal, broken and humiliated, pays the money. But when the veil is lifted again, Bholi looks directly at Bishamber — not with anger or shame, but with cold contempt. She then stands up, flings the garland into the sacred fire, and refuses to marry him, calling him mean, greedy, and contemptible.
8
On the day of the wedding, Bishamber arrived with a large procession — a brass band, friends, relatives, a decorated horse. Ramlal had never imagined his fourth daughter could have such a grand wedding. Bholi was led to the sacred fire in a red silk bridal dress. When the veil was lifted, Bishamber caught one look at her pockmarked face and stopped. He pulled a friend aside and whispered his demand: five thousand rupees, or he would leave. Ramlal tried desperately to negotiate. He laid his turban — his honour — at Bishamber's feet. The guests murmured; the bandsmen played on, unaware. Finally, tears streaming down his face, Ramlal went inside and counted out the money. He placed it at the bridegroom's feet. Irony
9
Bishamber smiled in triumph. The garland was raised again — but this time, when the veil slipped back, Bholi's eyes were not downcast. They were raised, fixed on him — not with rage or tears, but with cold, clear contempt. Before the garland could reach her neck, her hand shot out like a streak of lightning and swept it into the sacred fire. She rose, cast aside her veil, and spoke — in a voice that was loud, clear, and utterly without stammer. Simile
10
"Pitaji!" she called. Her father, mother, sisters, brothers, every guest and neighbour — all were stunned to hear Bholi, the stammering simpleton, speak with perfect, unflinching clarity. "Take back your money. I am not going to marry this man." The crowd erupted in scandalised whispers. Ramlal pleaded with her, invoking the family's izzat. Bholi replied that for the sake of their honour, she had been willing to accept this unequal match — but she would not take a mean, greedy, contemptible coward as a husband. Imagery
11
Bishamber's party left in confusion; the bandsmen, misreading the situation, struck up a closing number. Ramlal stood with his head bowed under the weight of shame. He turned to Bholi and asked what would become of her now — who would ever marry her? And Sulekha — for that is what the story calls her now, for the first time since the opening line — answered in a calm, steady voice: "Do not worry, Pitaji. I will serve you and Mother in your old age. And I will teach in the same school where I learnt so much." In the corner, her teacher, who had watched the entire scene unfold, smiled with the quiet, deep satisfaction of an artist contemplating the completion of a masterpiece. Metaphor
Character Relationship Map
Bholi / Sulekha — The Protagonist: Born Sulekha but known all her life as Bholi (simpleton), she begins the story as a neglected, mocked, and seemingly hopeless child — pockmarked, stammering, backward. Education and a kind teacher unlock the person she truly is. By the end, she has shed the name, the stammer, and the subservience others expected of her — standing before the wedding guests, speaking with perfect clarity and moral courage. The story ends with the narrative itself calling her Sulekha again, as if to reclaim her true identity.
Ramlal — The Father: Not a villain — he is a man caught between social pressure and parental duty. He genuinely worries about Bholi's future, but within a framework that values daughters primarily as marriage prospects. He weeps when he pays Bishamber's extortion money — and stands in shame when Bholi refuses — but his shame is ultimately for his family's reputation, not for his daughter's humiliation. His character reflects the contradictions of patriarchal society.
The Teacher — The Mentor: The unnamed teacher is the moral heart of the story. She sees in Bholi what no one else does — potential, intelligence, and a will to learn. She encourages her with patient warmth, promises her a future, and gives her the tools (literacy, confidence, voice) to claim it. The story's final image — the teacher smiling like an artist contemplating a completed masterpiece — elevates her role from teacher to creator. She is a tribute to the transformative power of genuine education.
Bishamber Nath — The Antagonist: A wealthy but morally contemptible grocer who initially agrees to marry Bholi without a dowry — only to demand five thousand rupees when he sees her pockmarks. He represents the worst kind of social opportunism: treating a woman's worth as purely transactional, and exploiting a family's desperation. Bholi's rejection of him is not merely a personal decision — it is a rejection of the entire system he embodies.
Sulekha — The True Self: The final paragraph calls her Sulekha — not Bholi — for only the second time in the story. This linguistic shift signals her complete transformation. She is no longer the simpleton; she is Sulekha, a woman of education, dignity, and moral courage, who will teach in the very school that made her who she is.
Theme Web — Central Ideas in Bholi
About the Story:Bholi is simultaneously a personal story of one girl's transformation and a social commentary on the treatment of the girl child in traditional Indian society. Every theme in the story radiates outward from Bholi's central experience — neglect, discovery, humiliation, and ultimately, courageous self-assertion.
Education as Transformation: The story's central argument is that education — specifically the kind that encourages and believes in the learner — has the power to transform lives. Bholi goes to school not because anyone values her, but because no one else will take her. Yet school gives her something no one in her family ever offered: belief in her potential. Her teacher's encouragement becomes the seed of the confident woman Bholi grows into. The story is effectively a tribute to the Beti Bachao, Beti Padhao spirit decades before the programme existed.
Female Empowerment: Bholi's act of refusing the marriage — throwing the garland into the fire and speaking without a stammer for the first time in public — is one of the most powerful moments of female empowerment in NCERT prose. She is not empowered by anger but by clarity: she knows her own worth. Her decision to remain single and teach, rather than accept a degrading match, represents a woman choosing self-respect over social conformity.
Gender Bias and the Girl Child: The story unflinchingly depicts how girl children were (and in some places still are) treated as burdens rather than blessings. Bholi receives no new clothes, no care, no love, and no education until accident and social pressure intervene. Her brothers are sent to the city for education; she is sent to school only because she is considered worthless. The contrast between her treatment and her brothers' is never stated explicitly — but it is everywhere.
Name and Identity: The shift from "Bholi" to "Sulekha" at the story's end is deeply meaningful. "Bholi" is the name others gave her — a label of contempt, limitation, and dismissal. "Sulekha" is her real name, carrying within it her real self. The moment she speaks with clarity and courage at the wedding, she ceases to be Bholi. The narrative itself recognises this, using "Sulekha" in the penultimate paragraph — the only time besides the opening line. She has recovered her true identity through education and courage.
Dowry and the Commodification of Marriage: Bishamber's demand for five thousand rupees upon seeing Bholi's face exposes the transactional nature of marriage in a society where a woman's value is measured by her appearance and the wealth her family can provide. The dowry system — which Bholi's parents had initially celebrated the absence of — appears in its ugliest form at the wedding itself. Bholi's rejection of Bishamber is also a rejection of this system.
Word Power — Key Vocabulary
simpleton
noun
A person considered foolish or gullible; used here as a dismissive label
"Her name was Sulekha, but everyone had been calling her Bholi, the simpleton."
disfigured
adjective / past participle
Having one's appearance spoiled or marred, especially permanently
The smallpox attack left her entire body permanently disfigured by deep pockmarks.
scurried
verb (past tense)
Moved hurriedly with short, quick steps
When the school bell rang, all the girls scurried out of the classroom.
contempt
noun
The feeling that someone or something is worthless and beneath consideration
In her eyes there was neither anger nor hate — only cold contempt.
izzat
noun (Urdu/Hindi)
Honour; social reputation; self-respect, especially as perceived by one's community
Ramlal pleaded with Bholi not to disgrace the family's izzat.
downcast
adjective
Looking downwards; also: low in spirit, dejected
The second time the veil was lifted, her eyes were not downcast — she stared straight ahead.
Extract-Based Questions
Literature CBQ — The Teacher and Bholi
"Put the fear out of your heart and you will be able to speak like everyone else." Bholi looked up as if to ask, 'Really?' "Yes, yes, it will be very easy. You just come to school every day." ... Bholi felt as if suddenly all the bells in the village temple were ringing and the trees in front of the school had blossomed into big red flowers. Her heart was throbbing with a new hope and a new life.
Q1. What does "Put the fear out of your heart" suggest about what has been holding Bholi back?
L2 Understand
2 marks
The teacher's words reveal that Bholi's stammer is not simply a physical condition — it is rooted in fear, shame, and the accumulated damage of years of mockery and neglect. The teacher recognises that what silences Bholi is not an inability to speak, but the terror of being laughed at again. By addressing the fear directly, and by creating a safe, encouraging environment, the teacher begins to heal the emotional wound that has kept Bholi silent.
Q2. Identify the literary device in "the trees in front of the school had blossomed into big red flowers" and explain its effect.
L4 Analyse
3 marks
Metaphor / Imagery: The blossoming red flowers are a metaphor for Bholi's inner transformation — the sudden blooming of hope, joy, and possibility within her. The trees are not literally blossoming; it is her perception of the world that has changed. Red is a vivid, warm, celebratory colour — the colour of life and vitality. The image captures, in a single stroke, the emotional revolution that the teacher's kindness has triggered in a child who had never before been treated as someone worth investing in.
Q3. How does this teacher's approach contrast with how Bholi has been treated at home?
L4 Analyse
3 marks
At home, Bholi has been treated as a problem rather than a person. She wears cast-off clothes, her hair is matted and uncared for, she is never spoken to with warmth or expectation. She is compared to a dumb cow. Her future is discussed as a burden to be managed. The teacher, by contrast, sees her potential immediately — she speaks to her gently, praises every small effort, makes physical contact (a pat on the shoulder) that communicates warmth, and offers a specific, hopeful vision of the future: "You will be more learned than anyone in the village." The contrast between these two environments is stark — and it is the school, not the home, that saves Bholi.
Q4. "An inspiring teacher can change the course of a child's entire life." Does the story support this view? Evaluate with evidence.
L5 Evaluate
4 marks
The story powerfully supports this view. Without the teacher's intervention, Bholi's life would almost certainly have continued on the trajectory her family had mapped: married off to someone willing to take her, with no voice, no confidence, and no sense of her own worth. Instead, the teacher's consistent encouragement — year after year as Bholi progresses through school — gives her the literacy, the self-belief, and the moral clarity to refuse a degrading marriage in front of a crowd of witnesses. The final image — the teacher watching from a corner, smiling like an artist at a completed masterpiece — is the story's ultimate statement: it is the teacher, not the parents, who has truly made Bholi. The story argues that one person's genuine belief in a child's potential can override a lifetime of neglect and social marginalisation.
Extract-Based Questions
Literature CBQ — The Wedding Scene
"Pitaji!" said Bholi in a clear loud voice; and her father, mother, sisters, brothers, relations and neighbours were startled to hear her speak without even the slightest stammer. "Pitaji! Take back your money. I am not going to marry this man."
Q5. Why is it significant that Bholi speaks "without the slightest stammer" at this precise moment?
L4 Analyse
3 marks
The stammer was always Bholi's most visible marker of vulnerability — the thing that set her apart, invited mockery, and kept her silent. For the stammer to disappear precisely at the moment of her greatest public act of courage is deeply symbolic: she has not only overcome a speech impediment, she has overcome everything that embodied — the fear, the shame, the sense of worthlessness. Speaking clearly in front of the very people who once laughed at her stammer is her fullest expression of transformation. Abbas uses this detail to make the moment unmistakable in its significance.
Q6. Write a short paragraph (80–100 words) from Bholi's perspective on the day after the wedding, describing how she feels about her decision.
L6 Create
4 marks
Sample Response:This morning I woke up and felt something I had not felt in a very long time — perhaps never — a stillness in my chest that was not the stillness of fear, but the stillness of knowing I had done right. They will talk. They will say I am shameless, foolish, damaged. Let them. I have been called a simpleton all my life, and yesterday I proved they were wrong. I will not weep for the wedding that did not happen. I will report to school on Monday and begin my first year of teaching. Ma'am will be there. That is enough.
Think About It — Comprehension Questions
Question 1 4 marks
Bholi had many apprehensions about going to school. What made her feel that she was going to a better place than her home?
Bholi had never been treated with care at home — her clothes were other people's cast-offs, her hair was matted, and no one bothered to wash or mend her things. On the morning she was sent to school, however, she was given a clean dress (even though it was Champa's old one), her hair was oiled and combed, and her father took her by the hand. For the first time, someone was paying attention to her appearance and taking her somewhere. This small act of care — getting her ready, taking her out — made Bholi tentatively believe that perhaps the place she was being taken to treated children better than she had been treated at home.
Question 2 5 marks
How did Bholi's teacher play an important role in changing the course of her life?
Bholi's teacher changed her life in several interconnected ways. First and most immediately, she offered Bholi warmth and patience — she did not mock the stammer, did not ignore Bholi's tears, and stayed behind after class specifically to encourage her. Second, she gave Bholi a vision of her own future that no one had ever offered before: that she would one day be learned, respected, and speak without a stammer. This vision was radical in a home where Bholi had been written off entirely. Third, over the years, she gave Bholi the actual tools — literacy, education, knowledge — that made this vision possible. Finally, when Bholi needed it most, the teacher was present at the wedding — her silent witness giving Bholi the moral support to make the most important decision of her life. The teacher is not just a classroom instructor; she is the architect of Bholi's entire transformation.
Question 3 4 marks
Why did Bholi at first agree to an unequal match? Why did she later reject the marriage? What does this tell us about her?
Bholi initially agreed to the match because she understood the reality of her social position: she was considered plain, pockmarked, and lacking in intelligence, and she knew that her parents genuinely feared she might never marry at all. Out of love for her family and acceptance of social pressures, she was prepared to accept Bishamber's unsuitability — his age, his limp, his grown children from a previous wife. However, when Bishamber revealed his true character by demanding five thousand rupees as a price for accepting her despite her appearance, he crossed a line Bholi could not accept: he had shown himself to be mean, greedy, and cowardly. She rejected him not because the match was unequal, but because he was unworthy of respect. This tells us that Bholi, transformed by education, has developed a clear moral compass — she has self-respect and the courage to act on it, even under enormous social pressure.
Question 4 4 marks
Bholi's real name is Sulekha. We are told this right at the beginning. But only in the last but one paragraph of the story is Bholi called Sulekha again. Why do you think she is called Sulekha at that point in the story?
The shift from "Bholi" to "Sulekha" in the penultimate paragraph is one of the story's most carefully crafted moments. "Bholi" is a name imposed on her by others — a label of limitation, contempt, and dismissal. Throughout the story, she has been defined by others' perception of her: the simpleton, the ugly one, the one no one will marry. But at the wedding, she speaks with clarity, refuses a degrading match, and charts her own future — as a teacher, as a person of dignity. At this moment, she has shed the Bholi that society made her and reclaimed the Sulekha she always was. The author calls her Sulekha at this point to signal that her true self — the self her teacher saw and nurtured — has fully emerged. She is no longer defined by others' labels.
Talk About It — Discussion Questions
Discussion 1
Bholi's teacher helped her overcome social barriers by encouraging and motivating her. How do you think you can contribute towards changing the social attitudes illustrated in this story?
Changing social attitudes begins at home and in the classroom. At home, we can challenge assumptions about the value of girl children — insisting that sisters have the same access to education, opportunity, and resources as brothers. At school, we can refuse to mock or exclude children who are different, recognising that labels like "simpleton" or "backward" often reflect a failure of support rather than a failure of the child. More broadly, we can support schemes like Beti Bachao Beti Padhao and advocate for every child — regardless of appearance, disability, or gender — to have equal access to education and dignity. Bholi's story shows that what looks like hopelessness is often just undiscovered potential waiting for the right conditions.
Discussion 2
Should girls be aware of their rights and assert them? Should girls and boys have the same rights, duties, and privileges? In what ways does society treat them differently?
Yes, absolutely — awareness of rights is the precondition for asserting them, as Bholi's story demonstrates. She can only refuse the degrading marriage because education has given her the knowledge, the confidence, and the language to articulate her own worth. Girls and boys should have identical rights, duties, and opportunities. In practice, however, many societies — including parts of Indian society both when this story was written and still today — treat them very differently: daughters are sometimes seen as financial burdens (dowry), their education is considered less urgent than their brothers', their physical appearance is judged more harshly, and their choices in marriage are often made by others. Human rights, by definition, are not gendered — and stories like Bholi's are part of the ongoing argument that they must be treated as such in practice.
Discussion 3
Do you think the characters in the story were speaking to each other in English? If not, in which language were they speaking?
The characters are clearly not speaking English — the story is set in a rural Indian village and the characters are from a Hindi/Urdu-speaking background. The clues are clear: the word "izzat" (honour) is used directly rather than translated; Bholi calls out "Pitaji" (a respectful Hindi term for father) rather than "Father"; the social customs (the Tehsildar, the Numberdar, the brass band, the sacred fire at the wedding) are entirely those of rural North India. K.A. Abbas originally wrote in Urdu; the English version is a translation. This raises interesting questions about what is preserved and what changes when stories of one culture are read in another language — as is the case with so much of the NCERT supplementary reader.
Grammar Workshop — Active and Passive Voice
The story of Bholi is full of things that were done to her — neglected, mocked, ignored, disfigured. This makes it an ideal text for exploring active and passive voice.
Passive Voice Formula: Subject + was/were + past participle (+ by + agent, if needed)
Used when the action is more important than who performed it, or when the agent is unknown/unimportant.
Active: Everyone ignored Bholi at home. Passive: Bholi was ignored at home (by everyone).
Active: Smallpox disfigured her face permanently. Passive: Her face was permanently disfigured by smallpox.
Transform these sentences from the story:
Active: The teacher encouraged Bholi every day. → Passive: ?
Active: Ramlal sent Bholi to the primary school. → Passive: ?
Passive: The garland was flung into the fire by Bholi. → Active: ?
Passive: The new dress had been worn by Champa before Bholi received it. → Active: ?
1. Bholi was encouraged every day by the teacher.
2. Bholi was sent to the primary school by Ramlal.
3. Bholi flung the garland into the fire.
4. Champa had worn the new dress before Bholi received it.
Writing Craft — From Bholi
Writing Task 1
100–150 words
Design a poster for the Beti Bachao Beti Padhao campaign, inspired by Bholi's story. Include a slogan, three key points, and a brief description of what the poster would look like visually. Write your response in paragraph or bullet format.
Sample:
Slogan: "She was called a simpleton. She became a teacher. Save the girl child."
Visual concept: The poster shows two panels side by side. On the left: a young girl in worn clothes, head down, in a dark corner. On the right: the same girl at a school blackboard, head high, chalk in hand, facing a class of children. Between the panels: a single image of a colourful open book.
Key Points:
• Every girl deserves education — not as charity, but as a right.
• A label given in childhood does not define a person's destiny.
• One encouraging teacher can change the course of an entire life.
Writing Task 2
120–150 words
Write a letter from the teacher to a colleague, describing Bholi's progress over the years and what happened at the wedding ceremony. Use formal letter format.
Formal Letter Format:
─────────────────────────────────────────
[School address]
[Date]
Dear [Name],
[Para 1: Introduction — who you are writing about]
[Para 2: Bholi's journey from frightened child to confident learner]
[Para 3: The wedding — what happened, your reaction]
[Para 4: What the future holds]
Yours sincerely,
[Teacher's name]
Sample Letter:
Government High School, Village Ramlal Colony
14th April
Dear Sushma,
I write to tell you about Sulekha — you knew her as Bholi, the little girl who sat in the corner on her first day and wept. She has been my student for many years now and I confess she has been my greatest project and my deepest joy.
She came to us unable to say her own name without stammering. Today she speaks with complete clarity. She learnt to read quickly, then devoured every book I gave her. Last month, at her own wedding ceremony, she stood before the gathered guests and refused a greedy, extortionate man — speaking without a single stammer. I watched from the corner, and I am not ashamed to say I wept.
She will join us as a teacher next month. I look forward to it enormously.
Yours sincerely,
[Her Teacher]
Vocabulary
Frequently Asked Questions
What is Bholi about in NCERT English?
Bholi is a lesson from the NCERT English textbook that covers important literary and language concepts. The lesson includes vocabulary, literary devices, comprehension exercises, and writing tasks aligned to the CBSE curriculum.
What vocabulary is important in Bholi?
Key vocabulary words from Bholi are highlighted throughout with contextual meanings, usage examples, and interesting facts. Click any highlighted word to see its full definition and example sentence.
What literary devices are used in Bholi?
Bholi uses various literary devices including imagery, symbolism, and figurative language. These are identified with coloured tags throughout the text for easy recognition and understanding by students.
What exercises are included for Bholi?
Exercises include extract-based comprehension questions in CBSE board exam format, grammar workshops connected to the passage, vocabulary activities, and creative writing tasks with model answers provided.
How does Bholi help in board exam preparation?
Bholi includes CBSE-format extract-based questions, long answer practice with model responses, and grammar exercises that mirror board exam patterns. All questions follow Bloom's Taxonomy levels L1-L6.
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AI Tutor
English Footprints Without Feet Class 10
Ready
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Hi! 👋 I'm Gaura, your AI Tutor for The Story — Bholi. Take your time studying the lesson — whenever you have a doubt, just ask me! I'm here to help.