This MCQ module is based on: Tissues — NCERT Exercises and Summary
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Tissues — NCERT Exercises and Summary
🎓 Class 9
Science
CBSE
Theory
Ch 3 — Tissues in Action
⏱ ~14 min
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Tissues — NCERT Exercises and Summary
Class 9 Science · Chapter 3 · Part 4 — Summary, Key Terms & NCERT Exercises
Chapter Summary — Tissues in Action
1. The Big Idea
- A tissue is a group of similar cells doing the same job.
- Multicellular life follows the order: cell → tissue → organ → organ system → organism.
- Tissues exist because of division of labour — different cells specialise in different jobs.
2. Plant Tissues at a Glance
- Meristematic: small, dividing cells. Apical (length), Lateral (girth), Intercalary (regrowth).
- Simple permanent: Parenchyma (storage), Collenchyma (flexible support), Sclerenchyma (hardness, dead).
- Complex permanent: Xylem (water, upward) and Phloem (food, both directions).
- Xylem cells: tracheids, vessels, xylem parenchyma, xylem fibres. Phloem cells: sieve tubes, companion cells, phloem parenchyma, phloem fibres.
3. Animal Tissues at a Glance
- Epithelial: covers and lines (squamous, cuboidal, columnar, ciliated, glandular).
- Connective: areolar, adipose, dense regular (tendon, ligament), cartilage, bone, blood — all have a matrix.
- Muscular: striated (voluntary), smooth (involuntary), cardiac (heart only).
- Nervous: neurons with dendrites, cell body and axon; messages cross at synapses.
Keyword Glossary
TissueGroup of similar cells with similar function and origin.
MeristemPlant region of actively dividing cells.
ApicalAt the tip of stem or root — controls length growth.
Lateral (Cambium)On the sides — adds to the girth.
IntercalaryIn between, near nodes — regrowth after damage.
ParenchymaLiving thin-walled cells; storage and photosynthesis.
CollenchymaLiving, corner-thickened cells; flexibility.
SclerenchymaDead, lignified cells; hardness and rigidity.
XylemConducts water and minerals upwards.
PhloemTranslocates food in both directions.
EpitheliumCovering and lining tissue of animal bodies.
AdiposeFat-storing connective tissue under the skin.
CartilageSolid yet flexible matrix tissue at joints, ear pinna.
TendonFibrous tissue joining muscle to bone.
LigamentElastic fibrous tissue joining bone to bone.
Striated muscleVoluntary, banded, multinucleate fibres.
Cardiac muscleBranched, rhythmic, found only in the heart.
NeuronUnit of nervous tissue; carries impulses.
SynapseJunction between two neurons.
MatrixNon-living material between connective tissue cells.
NCERT-Style Exercises
Q1Define the term 'tissue'.
A tissue is a group of cells that share a common origin, look alike, and together perform a particular function in the body of a multicellular organism — for example, blood, muscle or xylem.
Q2How many types of elements together make up the xylem tissue? Name them.
Xylem is made of four types of elements: (i) tracheids, (ii) vessels, (iii) xylem parenchyma and (iv) xylem fibres. Tracheids and vessels are tubular, dead, and conduct water; parenchyma is alive and stores food; fibres provide support.
Q3How are simple tissues different from complex tissues in plants?
Simple tissues (parenchyma, collenchyma, sclerenchyma) are made of one cell type and perform one main job. Complex tissues (xylem and phloem) are made of more than one cell type that work together as a unit and perform multiple linked jobs such as conduction and support.
Q4Differentiate between parenchyma, collenchyma and sclerenchyma on the basis of their cell wall.
Parenchyma has thin cellulose walls. Collenchyma has cell walls that are thickened only at the corners (extra cellulose and pectin). Sclerenchyma has thick walls deposited with lignin all around, and the cells are dead.
Q5What are the functions of stomata?
Stomata are tiny pores in the epidermis of leaves. (i) They allow exchange of gases — carbon dioxide enters and oxygen leaves during photosynthesis. (ii) They release water vapour during transpiration, which helps cool the leaf and pull up water from the roots.
Q6Diagrammatically show the difference between three types of muscle fibres.
Striated: long cylindrical fibres with bands and many nuclei (in skeletal muscles, voluntary). Smooth: spindle-shaped fibres without bands and a single central nucleus (in stomach, intestine, blood vessels, involuntary). Cardiac: branched cylindrical fibres with single nucleus and faint stripes; communicate via intercalated discs (only in the heart, involuntary). See Fig 3.8 in Part 3.
Q7What is the specific function of cardiac muscle?
Cardiac muscle contracts and relaxes rhythmically without resting throughout life. This continuous beat of the heart pumps blood through the body, delivering oxygen and nutrients to every cell and removing wastes.
Q8Differentiate between striated, unstriated and cardiac muscles on the basis of their structure and site/location in the body.
Striated: long cylindrical, multinucleate, banded — found attached to bones (limbs, body wall).
Unstriated (smooth): spindle-shaped, uninucleate, no bands — found in stomach, intestine, blood vessels, urinary bladder.
Cardiac: cylindrical branched, uninucleate, faintly striated — found only in the heart wall.
Unstriated (smooth): spindle-shaped, uninucleate, no bands — found in stomach, intestine, blood vessels, urinary bladder.
Cardiac: cylindrical branched, uninucleate, faintly striated — found only in the heart wall.
Q9Draw a labelled diagram of a neuron.
A neuron has three parts: (i) Cell body with a central nucleus and granular cytoplasm, (ii) Dendrites — short branched projections that receive nerve impulses, (iii) Axon — a single long projection (sometimes covered with myelin sheath) that transmits the impulse to the next cell. The end of one axon meets the next neuron's dendrites at a junction called a synapse. See Fig 3.9 in Part 3.
Q10Name the following: (a) Tissue that forms the inner lining of our mouth. (b) Tissue that connects muscle to bone in humans. (c) Tissue that transports food in plants. (d) Tissue that stores fat in our body. (e) Connective tissue with a fluid matrix. (f) Tissue present in the brain.
(a) Squamous epithelium (b) Tendon (c) Phloem (d) Adipose tissue (e) Blood (f) Nervous tissue.
Q11Identify the type of tissue in the following: skin, bark of tree, bone, lining of kidney tubule, vascular bundle.
Skin — stratified squamous epithelium. Bark of tree — sclerenchyma (dead protective tissue). Bone — connective tissue with hard matrix. Lining of kidney tubule — cuboidal epithelium. Vascular bundle — complex permanent tissue (xylem and phloem together).
Q12Name the regions in which parenchyma tissue is present.
Parenchyma is found in soft parts such as the cortex and pith of stems and roots, the mesophyll of leaves, the pulp of fruits, and the storage regions of seeds. Modified forms include chlorenchyma (in green leaves) and aerenchyma (in aquatic plants).
Q13What is the role of epidermis in plants?
The epidermis (i) protects all parts of the plant from injury, infection and water loss because of its waxy cuticle, (ii) allows gas exchange and transpiration through stomata, and (iii) absorbs water and minerals from the soil through root hairs in the root region.
Q14How does the cork act as a protective tissue?
As a tree ages, a layer of secondary meristem (cork cambium) forms in the bark. The cells it produces become tightly packed and dead, with their walls coated by a waterproof substance called suberin. This dead, suberin-coated layer (cork) prevents water loss and protects the tree from pathogens, mechanical injury and temperature extremes.
Q15Complete the table comparing plant and animal tissues on origin, growth pattern and energy needs.
Origin: Plant tissues arise from meristems; animal tissues develop from embryonic germ layers.
Growth pattern: Plants show indefinite growth limited to meristematic regions; animals show definite growth that stops at maturity.
Energy needs: Plant tissues need less energy because many are dead and supportive; animal tissues need more energy because most are living and active throughout life.
Growth pattern: Plants show indefinite growth limited to meristematic regions; animals show definite growth that stops at maturity.
Energy needs: Plant tissues need less energy because many are dead and supportive; animal tissues need more energy because most are living and active throughout life.
Frequently Asked Questions — NCERT Exercises & Intext Questions
How do I solve NCERT Class 9 Science Chapter 3 (Tissues in Action) exercise questions for the CBSE board exam?
Solve NCERT Chapter 3 — Tissues in Action — exercise questions by first reading the question carefully, writing down the given data, recalling the relevant concepts like plant tissues, animal tissues, meristem, and applying them step by step. This Part 4 covers every intext and end-of-chapter exercise from the NCERT textbook. Write balanced equations, label diagrams clearly and show each step — CBSE Class 9 examiners award step marks even if the final answer has a small slip. Practising these solutions strengthens conceptual clarity and builds speed for both the school exam and the upcoming Class 10 board exam.
Are the NCERT intext questions from Tissues in Action important for the Class 9 Science exam?
Yes, NCERT intext questions for Chapter 3 Tissues in Action are highly important for the CBSE Class 9 Science exam. Many questions in school and competitive papers are directly lifted or only slightly modified from these intext questions, and they test the foundational concepts — plant tissues, animal tissues, meristem — that chapter-end questions and the Class 10 board build on. Attempt every intext question first, then move on to the exercises. This practice ensures complete NCERT coverage, which is the CBSE syllabus's primary source.
What types of questions from Tissues in Action are asked in the Class 9 Science exam?
The Class 9 Science paper (CBSE pattern) asks a mix of question types from Tissues in Action: 1-mark MCQ and assertion-reason, 2-mark short answers, 3-mark explanations, 5-mark long answers with diagrams or derivations, and 4-mark competency-based / case-study questions. These test understanding of plant tissues, animal tissues, meristem, epithelium. Practising every NCERT exercise and intext question prepares you to answer all of these formats with confidence.
How many marks does Chapter 3 — Tissues in Action — typically carry in the Class 9 Science paper?
Chapter 3 — Tissues in Action — is part of the CBSE Class 9 Science syllabus and typically contributes 5–9 marks in the annual paper, depending on the year's weightage. Questions are drawn from definitions, reasoning, numerical/descriptive problems and diagrams on topics like plant tissues, animal tissues, meristem. Solving the NCERT exercises in this part is essential because CBSE directly references the NCERT Exploration textbook for question design.
Where can I find step-by-step NCERT solutions for Chapter 3 Tissues in Action Class 9 Science?
You can find complete, step-by-step NCERT solutions for Chapter 3 Tissues in Action Class 9 Science on MyAiSchool. Every intext and end-of-chapter exercise question is solved with full working, labelled diagrams and CBSE-aligned mark distribution. Solutions highlight key points about plant tissues, animal tissues, meristem that examiners look for. This makes revision quick and exam-focused for Class 9 CBSE students.
What is the best way to revise Tissues in Action for the Class 9 Science exam?
The best way to revise Tissues in Action for the CBSE Class 9 Science exam is a three-pass approach. First pass: skim the chapter and note down key terms like plant tissues, animal tissues, meristem in a one-page mind map. Second pass: solve every NCERT intext and exercise question without looking at the solution, then self-check. Third pass: attempt sample papers and competency-based questions under timed conditions. This structured revision secures full marks for this chapter.
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