This MCQ module is based on: Exercises — Minerals & Energy Resources
TOPIC 15 OF 21
Exercises — Minerals & Energy Resources
🎓 Class 10
Social Science
CBSE
Theory
Ch 5 — Minerals and Energy Resources
⏱ ~15 min
🌐 Language: [gtranslate]
🧠 AI-Powered MCQ Assessment
▲
Myaischool Lt Sst Assessment
▲
[myaischool_lt_sst_assessment grade_level="class_10" subject="geography" difficulty="intermediate"]
Chapter Summary — Key Terms
| Term | Meaning |
|---|---|
| Mineral | A homogeneous, naturally occurring substance with a definable internal structure |
| Ore | An accumulation of mineral mixed with other elements in sufficient concentration for viable extraction |
| Veins & Lodes | Mineral occurrences in cracks and faults of igneous/metamorphic rocks (small = veins; large = lodes) |
| Ferrous Minerals | Iron-containing minerals — account for 3/4 of metallic mineral production value |
| Magnetite | Finest iron ore, up to 70% iron, valuable magnetic properties |
| Hematite | Most important industrial iron ore (50-60% iron content) |
| Bauxite | Clay-like substance from which aluminium is obtained |
| Lignite | Low-grade brown coal with high moisture content |
| Bituminous | Most popular commercial coal formed under high temperature at depth |
| Anthracite | Highest quality hard coal |
| Petroleum | Mineral oil — second major energy source after coal |
| Anticline | Upward rock fold where oil is trapped at the crest |
| Geothermal Energy | Energy produced using heat from Earth's interior |
NCERT Exercises — Multiple Choice Questions
📋
NCERT MCQ Exercises
Q1. Which one of the following minerals is formed by decomposition of rocks, leaving a residual mass of weathered material?
L3 ApplyQ2. Koderma in Jharkhand is the leading producer of which one of the following minerals?
L3 ApplyQ3. Minerals are deposited and accumulated in the strata of which of the following rocks?
L3 ApplyQ4. Which one of the following minerals is contained in the Monazite sand?
L3 ApplyNCERT Exercises — Short Answer Questions
Answer in about 30 words
Q. Distinguish between ferrous and non-ferrous minerals
L4 AnalyseAnswer
Ferrous minerals contain iron (e.g., iron ore, manganese) and form the base for metallurgical industries, accounting for 3/4 of metallic mineral production. Non-ferrous minerals do not contain iron (e.g., copper, bauxite, gold) and serve engineering, electrical, and chemical industries.Q. Distinguish between conventional and non-conventional sources of energy
L4 AnalyseAnswer
Conventional sources include firewood, coal, petroleum, natural gas, and hydel/thermal electricity — most are non-renewable and have been used for a long time. Non-conventional sources include solar, wind, tidal, geothermal, biogas, and nuclear energy — most are renewable and have been developed more recently to address fossil fuel depletion and environmental concerns.Q. What is a mineral?
L3 ApplyAnswer
A mineral is a homogeneous, naturally occurring substance with a definable internal structure. Minerals are found in varied forms ranging from the hardest diamond to the softest talc, and their properties depend on the physical and chemical conditions under which they formed.Q. How are minerals formed in igneous and metamorphic rocks?
L4 AnalyseAnswer
In igneous and metamorphic rocks, minerals occur in cracks, crevices, faults, or joints as veins (smaller occurrences) and lodes (larger ones). They form when minerals in liquid, molten, or gaseous form are forced upward through cavities toward the earth's surface. As they rise, they cool and solidify. Major metallic minerals like tin, copper, zinc, and lead are obtained from such formations.Q. Why do we need to conserve mineral resources?
L5 EvaluateAnswer
Mineral resources are finite and non-renewable — geological formation processes take millions of years while consumption rates far exceed replenishment. The total workable mineral deposits constitute merely 1% of the earth's crust. Continued extraction leads to increasing costs, decreasing quality, and environmental degradation. Conservation through recycling, using substitutes, and improved technologies is essential for sustainable development.Answer in about 120 words
Q. Describe the distribution of coal in India
L4 AnalyseAnswer
India's coal occurs in two main geological ages. Gondwana coal (over 200 million years old) includes metallurgical-grade deposits in the Damodar Valley of West Bengal-Jharkhand — the Jharia, Raniganj, and Bokaro coalfields being most important. The Godavari, Mahanadi, Son, and Wardha valleys also have significant deposits. Tertiary coal (about 55 million years old) is found in north-eastern states — Meghalaya, Assam, Arunachal Pradesh, and Nagaland. The principal lignite reserves are at Neyveli in Tamil Nadu, used for electricity generation. India's coal ranges from low-grade peat and lignite to high-grade bituminous and anthracite, with bituminous being the most commercially used variety.Q. Why do you think that solar energy has a bright future in India?
L5 EvaluateAnswer
India lies in the tropical zone, receiving abundant sunshine throughout most of the year, giving it enormous solar energy potential. Photovoltaic technology can convert this sunlight directly into electricity. Solar energy is renewable, pollution-free, and reduces dependence on imported fossil fuels. It is particularly beneficial for rural and remote areas where grid connectivity is limited. Large solar power plants are being established across India, minimising rural dependence on firewood and dung cakes — thus contributing to environmental conservation and ensuring adequate manure supply for agriculture. With falling technology costs and strong government support through initiatives like the National Solar Mission, solar energy's share in India's energy mix is set to grow significantly.Iron Ore Production by State (2018-19)
L4 AnalyseFigure: Major iron ore producing states — nearly 97% of India's production
📋
Competency-Based Questions
Case Study: A study revealed that a village near a coal mine in Jharkhand had significantly higher rates of respiratory illness compared to villages 50 km away. Groundwater in the area was found to contain elevated levels of heavy metals. Despite these issues, the mine employed 60% of the village population and was the primary economic driver.
Q1. The respiratory diseases in the mining village are most likely caused by which mining hazard?
L3 ApplyQ2. Analyse why this situation presents a dilemma for the village panchayat.
L4 AnalyseQ3. Evaluate whether mineral conservation policies alone can prevent mining from becoming a 'killer industry'.
L5 EvaluateHOT Q. Design a sustainable mining plan for the village that protects health and environment while maintaining economic activity.
L6 CreateAssertion-Reason Questions
Options:
(A) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
(B) Both A and R are true, but R is NOT the correct explanation of A.
(C) A is true, but R is false.
(D) A is false, but R is true.
(A) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
(B) Both A and R are true, but R is NOT the correct explanation of A.
(C) A is true, but R is false.
(D) A is false, but R is true.
Assertion (A): India needs to adopt a cautious approach for the judicious use of its limited energy resources.
Reason (R): India is presently one of the most energy-efficient countries in the world.
Assertion (A): Mineral resources are finite and non-renewable.
Reason (R): The geological processes of mineral formation take millions of years, making replenishment rates negligible compared to consumption.
Frequently Asked Questions
What are the important questions in NCERT Class 10 Geography Chapter 5?
NCERT Class 10 Geography Chapter 5 includes multiple-choice questions, short answer questions, long answer questions, and competency-based questions (CBQ). Students should focus on key concepts, definitions, and application-based reasoning from the chapter for thorough exam preparation.
How to prepare for Class 10 Geography Chapter 5 board exam?
To prepare effectively for Class 10 Geography Chapter 5, read the NCERT textbook carefully, understand key definitions and concepts, practise all exercise questions, attempt CBQ-style questions for higher-order thinking, and revise diagrams, timelines, or data tables from the chapter.
What is the marking scheme for Class 10 Geography in CBSE?
The CBSE marking scheme for Class 10 Geography typically includes 1-mark MCQs, 3-mark short answer questions, and 5-mark long answer questions. Competency-based questions (CBQ) involving case studies and data interpretation are also included as per NEP 2020 guidelines.
Are NCERT exercises sufficient for Class 10 Geography exams?
NCERT exercises form the foundation for Class 10 Geography exams. Most CBSE board questions are directly or indirectly based on NCERT content. Practising all in-text and end-of-chapter questions along with CBQ-format practice ensures comprehensive preparation.
What types of questions come from Chapter 5 in Class 10 Geography?
Chapter 5 of Class 10 Geography typically features objective-type MCQs, assertion-reason questions, short descriptive answers, map-based or diagram questions, and case-study based CBQ questions testing analysis and evaluation skills.
AI Tutor
Social Science Class 10 — Contemporary India II (Geography)
Ready