🎓 Class 9EnglishCBSETheoryCh 4 — Vitamin M⏱ ~30 min
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This MCQ module is based on: Vitamin-M – Asha Nehemiah
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Before You Read — Caring for the Elderly
Unit 4 theme: Caring for the Elderly | Story by Asha Nehemiah
Vocabulary Warm-Up: How well do you know these words from the story? Think about what each one might mean before you read.
frailshudderedpokyforbidpotteringwinced
Prediction: The story is called "Vitamin-M". What do you think "M" stands for? What kind of vitamin could help elderly people?
"M" stands for Memory. Ravi's mother jokingly suggests a vitamin that could improve the memory of elderly people who forget things — like names, medicine doses, or the way home.
Connect to Experience: Think of an elderly person in your family or neighbourhood. What challenges do they face? What special qualities or memories do they hold? Share with a classmate.
Graphic Organiser — Caring for the Elderly: Before reading, jot down your thoughts on these questions about elderly care.
Problems faced by the elderly: Memory loss, physical weakness, loneliness, dependence
Possible reasons for problems: Old age, living alone, lack of family support, city stress
How we can care for them: Spending time, helping with medicines, listening to their stories
Why we should care for them: They nurtured us; their wisdom enriches our lives
AN
Asha Nehemiah
Asha Nehemiah is a celebrated Indian author of children's fiction and short stories, known for her warm, humorous, and insightful portrayals of everyday Indian family life. Her stories often explore relationships between generations — grandparents, parents, and children — with gentle wit and emotional depth. She has authored numerous picture books and middle-grade novels that are beloved across India for their relatable characters and lively narratives.
Indian AuthorChildren's FictionShort StoriesFamily NarrativesHumour
Character Relationship Map
Click a character to see their role in the story.
Grandpa (Vidya's Father, 75 years old): A retired lawyer with a sharp, witty mind — far sharper than anyone gives him credit for. He longs for his quiet small-town home with the mango tree, and resents being treated as helpless. Despite failing eyesight and occasional forgetfulness, he remembers thousands of chess games, never forgets birthdays, and is always generous. His gift of a detective book to Ravi hints that he knew all along he was being followed.
Ravi (Protagonist, Class 9 student): A caring, loyal grandson torn between his promise to his mother and his respect for Grandpa's dignity. He improvises a covert surveillance mission through the city — crouching behind bushes, hiding under banyan trees, ducking into the wrong salon — all to keep Grandpa safe. His deep affection for his grandfather is revealed when he kneels by the sleeping old man and gives him a hug.
Vidya (Ravi's Mother): A working woman who genuinely loves her father but struggles to balance care with respect. She speaks to Grandpa over-loudly, as if to a child, and forgets his birthday — ironically needing "Vitamin-M" herself. Her anxiety about Grandpa's safety stems from real fear after his accidents, but her approach can be unintentionally patronising.
Ravi's Father: A minor character who returns from work to find the household in a state of barely concealed chaos. He looks "confused" at the end — a comic foil to the knowing Grandpa and embarrassed Ravi.
Vitamin-M — Asha Nehemiah
Section I
1Ravi's mother was hurriedly placing tablets of various colours on a small saucer when she muttered her wish — that someone might invent a vitamin for memory. Hyperbole She imagined it being called "Vitamin-M" and given to elderly people to sharpen their memory.
2"Hush — Grandpa will hear you," Ravi warned her, gesturing towards his grandfather, a frail old figure rocking gently in his chair, the newspaper held extremely close to his nose.
3His mother brushed aside the concern: Grandpa could neither hear, see, nor remember very well these days, she said. She was relieved that Ravi's school holidays had started — he could now keep Grandpa company. She shuddered, recalling the difficult month past.
4Just a month earlier, Grandpa had moved in with them because living alone had become too risky. His stay had begun badly: he accidentally doubled his medicine dose and was rushed to hospital, and on another occasion wandered away on a walk and could not find his way back — leaving them all sick with worry.
5Grandpa had deeply resented Vidya's instruction that he must not go out unaccompanied. Speaking with a trace of the authority that had defined his career as a lawyer, he reminded her that he had managed his own life for most of his seventy-five years. After his wife passed away a decade ago, he had cooked, shopped, and run the household himself. "First you push me into this poky flat in this cramped, noisy city," he said, "and now you think you can stop me from stepping out alone!" Irony
6Grandpa missed his brick house in the small town deeply. Imagery He would speak with longing of the mango tree in the garden and the silence so complete that falling leaves could be heard. But it was that very house that had led to trouble — he had slipped in the garden one evening while pottering about and lay on the ground all night with no one to help him. That incident had prompted Vidya to lock up the house and bring him to the city.
Check Your Understanding — Section I
I. Why did Grandpa dislike living in the city with his daughter?
Grandpa had spent most of his life in a quiet small town. He treasured the peace of his little brick house and its mango tree garden. The city's noise, crowds, and the cramped flat felt oppressive to him. He was also used to total independence and found the restrictions imposed by Vidya demeaning.
II. Why did Vidya not want her father to go out alone?
Grandpa had already had two dangerous incidents: he took a double dose of his medicines by mistake and had to be hospitalised, and on another occasion he got lost on a walk and could not find his way home. These events made Vidya genuinely frightened about his safety.
III. Was Ravi in favour of his mother treating Grandpa like a child? How can you say so?
No, Ravi was uncomfortable with it. He winced at the over-loud tone his mother used when speaking to Grandpa — as though addressing someone who could not hear or understand. The word "winced" reveals Ravi's embarrassment and silent protest against treating his grandfather as a child.
IV. Would Ravi be able to keep up his promise to his mother?
This is a prediction question. Based on what we have read, Ravi faces a dilemma — Grandpa is determined to go out, and stopping him outright would hurt his dignity. Ravi must find a way to ensure Grandpa's safety without being disrespectful. It appears his promise will be difficult but not impossible to keep in spirit, if not in letter.
Section II
7"Shall we play chess or watch the cricket?" Ravi offered after his mother left. Grandpa was a formidable chess player — cool, calculating, always quoting chess legends like Karpov or Bobby Fischer as he moved his pieces. Ravi realised his own game had improved remarkably since Grandpa arrived. He marvelled at the paradox: Grandpa could recall thousands of chess moves across decades yet forget the names of people he met regularly. Irony
8"Set the board," said Grandpa, setting down his paper. "I'll just pop to the corner shop — the Tamil newspaper may have come." Ravi immediately offered to fetch it, but Grandpa was suspicious: had his mother told Ravi to keep him a prisoner? Ravi loyally denied this. "Good," said Grandpa with a crafty smile, "then you will not object to my going out." Irony
9Grandpa picked up his prized mahogany walking stick — black and shiny, its brass handle carved into an eagle's head — put on his bright yellow cap, and declared he would be back before the chessboard was set up. Off he strode, twirling the stick jauntily. ImagerySymbolism
10Ravi was left in a dilemma. Accompanying Grandpa openly would wound his pride; letting him go unwatched would enrage his mother. He decided on a middle path: he would follow Grandpa secretly, at a safe distance, to make sure no harm came to him.
11Ravi sprinted out just in time to see Grandpa's yellow cap disappearing round the corner. First stop — the children's park. Grandpa bought a paper cone of peanuts and settled on a bench, watching the children play. Ravi crouched behind a bush trimmed in the shape of an elephant. A small child wandered over and asked if Ravi was playing hide-and-seek. Before Ravi could silence him, a loud voice boomed above him — the child's mother, brandishing an umbrella. Ravi had to crawl out of the park on all fours, ducking behind benches, creeping through bushes. Hyperbole
12Grandpa's next stop: the tea stall. Ravi took cover behind a large banyan tree, only to attract the suspicion of the vendors. A comb seller addressed him as though through a megaphone; a ribbons-and-clips seller joined in. Ravi surrendered the banyan tree and hid behind a gleaming silver car, peering through its windows. From this vantage point he watched Grandpa enjoy a sweet, sugary cup of tea (banned at home), two bananas (also banned), and then — a full ice cream from the cart. Mother would faint, Ravi thought. Hyperbole
13Ravi's heart thudded as Grandpa zigzagged through the traffic crossing the road. The screech of brakes made Ravi shut his eyes in panic. When he opened them, Grandpa was entering a barber shop — despite being, as Ravi now observed with confusion, completely bald. Curious, Ravi slipped into the next-door shop for a closer look — only to be ejected immediately by a volley of shrieks because it turned out to be a ladies' hair salon. Irony
14Ravi spotted Grandpa heading briskly to the bus stop and boarding the first bus. He sprinted and jumped on just as the doors were closing. Pushing through the crowd, he spotted the yellow cap at the front — but when the cap came off, it revealed a full head of grey hair. This was a stranger in identical white pyjamas and the same yellow cap, even bearing the same coffee stain on the rim. Grandpa had gifted his cap to the stranger in the barber shop because the day was hot — so generous was his nature. But where was Grandpa now? Irony
Check Your Understanding — Section II
I. Complete the flow chart describing Grandpa's day out. (Park → Tea Stall → Barber Shop → Bus Stop)
1. Children's park — bought peanuts and watched children play.
2. Buys peanuts; watches children (Ravi hides behind elephant-shaped bush).
3. Tea stall — sweet tea, two bananas, ice cream (Ravi hides behind banyan tree).
4. Scolded by umbrella-wielding mother and by market vendors.
5. Grandpa drank sweet tea and ate bananas and ice cream.
6. Barber shop (despite being bald).
7. Bus stop — boarded a bus (Ravi follows only to find a stranger in Grandpa's cap).
II. Was Grandpa truly lost as Ravi's mother feared?
No. Grandpa was not lost at all. He navigated the park, tea stall, barber shop, and bus stop with complete confidence. He even found his way home and was peacefully asleep before Ravi returned. His earlier episodes of getting lost appear to have been exceptions, not the norm.
III. How would Ravi feel after seeing Grandpa missing?
Ravi would feel frantic with worry — he had been left in charge and had lost Grandpa. He would feel guilty, afraid of his mother's reaction, and deeply concerned for his grandfather's safety. The word "frantic" in the story captures this state of near-panic.
IV. Do you think Ravi's mother will find out what happened?
This is an open prediction. The story ends with Grandpa himself giving a knowing hint — he tells Vidya that Ravi "disappeared" and then gives him a detective book. Ravi's mother seems too flustered about her own lapse (forgetting Grandpa's birthday) to probe further. It is likely the full truth remains unspoken between Ravi and Grandpa.
Section III
15Ravi rushed back to the barber shop — no Grandpa. Not at the park either. Frantic with worry, he tried calling both parents from a phone booth, but the lines were busy. He went home in dread, wondering whether Grandpa would ever find his way back.
16The moment he opened the front door, relief washed over him — the gentle whirr of Grandpa's snoring greeted him from the bedroom. Imagery Ravi knelt beside the bed. Grandpa's wrinkled face had more creases than the lines on a map. Simile He smelt of eucalyptus ointment and shaving cream. Suddenly overcome with love, Ravi hugged him — but Grandpa only grunted in his sleep. Ravi decided not to question him; doing so would mean revealing that he had been following him all day.
17"What did you both do today?" asked Vidya when she returned from the office. "I had a quiet morning," answered Grandpa coolly, "but I cannot say about Ravi — he disappeared instead of staying home to look after me as you instructed." Irony Ravi could only look confused and embarrassed.
18Grandpa then produced a gift-wrapped parcel. Vidya protested — Ravi's birthday was three months ago. "I know," said Grandpa seriously, "but you have forgotten — I give a gift to every person in the house on my birthday, not theirs." Vidya flushed with shame when she realised she had circled the date on the calendar at the start of the year and then forgotten it. There was a gift for her and for Ravi's father too, for Grandpa still thought of them all as his children. Irony
19Turning to Ravi's father, Grandpa said calmly: "I think Vidya needs some Vitamin-M — for her memory." Vidya flushed a still deeper shade of red. Irony
20Ravi's gift was a thick hardcover book: The Best Detective Stories. "Wonderful stories," Grandpa told him solemnly. "You can pick up excellent tips on how to avoid being fooled when you are trailing a suspect." Ravi's father looked thoroughly baffled. Ravi was too busy examining the twinkle in Grandpa's eye — was it innocent? Or mischievous? ImagerySymbolism
Check Your Understanding — Section III
I. Describe Ravi's emotional reaction upon finding Grandpa safe at home and what it reveals about his feelings.
Ravi's relief is profound and tender. He knelt beside the sleeping Grandpa, pressed his cheek against the old man's wrinkled face, inhaled the familiar scents of eucalyptus and shaving cream, and was "suddenly overcome with affection." This moment reveals a deep love beneath the surface of their everyday relationship — one that duty and family routine had not diminished.
II. What might be the significance of Grandpa's habit of giving gifts on his own birthday?
This habit shows that Grandpa's generosity is not a sign of senility but of a deeply rooted values system. By giving rather than receiving, he expresses love for his family and refuses to become a passive, dependent figure. It also ironically exposes the family's forgetfulness — Vidya, who frets over Grandpa's memory, had herself forgotten his birthday.
III. Why did Grandpa give Ravi a detective story book? What does this suggest about his awareness?
The gift is a humorous, knowing acknowledgement that Grandpa had been aware of Ravi's clumsy surveillance all along. The book — a guide to detective work and avoiding getting "fooled when trailing a suspect" — is both a gentle tease and a kind compliment. It suggests Grandpa's mind is alert and sharp; he observed and remembered everything while pretending not to notice.
Vocabulary from the Story
frail
adjective
Weak and delicate, especially due to age or illness
"…pointing to the frail old figure sitting in the rocking chair"
shuddered
verb (past tense)
To tremble or shake involuntarily, usually in fear or disgust at a memory
She stopped and shuddered at the memory of last month's difficulties.
poky
adjective (informal)
Small, cramped, and uncomfortable; lacking space
"…this poky little flat, in this horrible, crowded city…"
pottering
verb (present participle)
Moving or doing things in a slow, aimless, relaxed manner
Grandpa had slipped while pottering around in the garden at dusk.
winced
verb (past tense)
Made a slight involuntary expression of pain, embarrassment, or disapproval
Ravi winced at the over-loud tone his mother used with Grandpa.
jauntily
adverb
In a cheerful, self-confident, and carefree manner
Off he went, twirling his walking stick jauntily.
dilemma
noun
A situation in which a difficult choice has to be made between two or more alternatives
Ravi was left in a dilemma — follow Grandpa or let him go?
frantic
adjective
Wildly anxious, desperate, or agitated
After losing sight of Grandpa, Ravi was frantic with worry.
solemnly
adverb
In a formal, serious, or grave manner
"Great stories, Ravi," Grandpa said solemnly about the detective book.
craftily
adverb
In a clever, cunning, or sly manner
"Good," said Grandpa craftily, "then you'll have no objection to my going out."
deterred
verb (past tense)
Discouraged or prevented from doing something through fear or doubt
Sprinting for a moving bus would have deterred a lesser detective, but not Ravi.
darted
verb (past tense)
Moved suddenly and quickly; also used for a quick, sharp glance
Ravi's mother flushed and darted a stricken look at the calendar.
Literature CBQ — Extract-Based Questions
Read the extracts carefully and answer the questions that follow. (CBSE Extract-Based Format)
Extract 1
Grandpa hated the noise and bustle of city life and when they were on their own, he often spoke, longingly, of his small brick house in town. "Such a wonderful place…! With that big mango tree in the garden! It is so quiet that at dusk you can even hear a leaf fall!" But then Grandpa had slipped and fallen in the garden late one evening while he was pottering around and lain outside all night because there was no one at home to help him up.
L1 — Recall
(i) Choose the emotion displayed by the Grandfather in this passage.
A. Regretful
B. Apologetic
C. Nostalgic
D. Wistful
D. Wistful — Grandpa's longing tone ("Such a wonderful place!") as he describes his old home conveys a quiet, gentle sadness for something he cannot return to. "Nostalgic" (C) also captures the feeling of fondness for the past, making both C and D defensible, but "wistful" best captures the melancholic yearning quality of his speech.
L2 — Understand
(ii) Complete the following sentence with a reason: Grandpa hated the busy and noisy city life because ___________.
...he had spent most of his life in a quiet small town where peace and nature were part of daily existence. The city's crowds, constant noise, and the cramped flat felt alien and suffocating to him.
L3 — Apply
(iii) Why did Grandpa come to the city despite his deep dislike for city life?
Grandpa had slipped and fallen alone in his garden at night, lying there helpless until morning as there was no one to help him. This accident, which showed how dangerous living alone had become, forced Vidya to bring him to the city for his own safety.
L4 — Analyse
(iv) Choose the expression similar in meaning to "you can even hear a leaf fall".
A. End of one's life
B. Arrival of autumn
C. Sign of good luck
D. Pin drop silence
D. Pin drop silence — The phrase describes a place so quiet that even the softest sound (a falling leaf) can be heard, which is equivalent to absolute silence.
L5 — Evaluate
(v) State one advantage and one disadvantage of the Grandfather living in his house in town.
Advantage: Grandpa was happier, more independent, and emotionally at peace in his familiar environment — the peace and quiet suited him perfectly. Disadvantage: He was entirely alone; when he fell in the garden, nobody was there to help him. His age and isolation posed serious safety risks.
Extract 2
"I had a quiet morning, but I don't know about Ravi. He just disappeared instead of staying at home to look after me like you told him to," answered Grandpa coolly, while Ravi just looked confused and embarrassed. Grandpa had another surprise for Ravi. A gift-wrapped parcel! "But, Papa, Ravi's birthday was three months ago. Have you forgotten?" exclaimed Ravi's mother, impatiently.
L1 — Recall
(i) Choose the option that best describes the tone of Grandpa's response.
A. Apologetic
B. Hurtful
C. Calm and knowing
D. Puzzled
C. Calm and knowing — The word "coolly" and the content of Grandpa's statement (subtly accusing Ravi while remaining composed) show him to be in complete control, delivering a quiet rebuke with perfect composure.
L2 — Understand
(ii) Why was Ravi confused and embarrassed?
Ravi had spent the whole day secretly trailing Grandpa and had failed to prevent him from going out — yet Grandpa was now calmly informing Vidya that it was Ravi who had "disappeared." Ravi could neither defend himself (which would reveal the surveillance) nor agree with Grandpa's account. His silence was the only option, leaving him looking baffled and guilty simultaneously.
L4 — Analyse
(iii) State whether this sentence is true or false: "Grandfather forgot that Ravi's birthday was three months ago."
False. Grandpa had not forgotten Ravi's birthday — he knew precisely when it was. His tradition was to give gifts to everyone on his own birthday. It was Vidya who had forgotten Grandpa's birthday, despite circling it on the calendar. This is the story's most pointed irony.
L5 — Evaluate
(iv) Why did Grandpa say he didn't know what kind of morning Ravi might have had? What does this reveal about Grandpa?
Grandpa was being deliberately playful and subversive. He knew very well that Ravi had been following him all day — the gift of a detective book makes this clear. By feigning ignorance of Ravi's movements, he was gently exposing the boy's failed mission while protecting him from a full scolding. This reveals that Grandpa is observant, sharp-witted, kind-hearted, and possesses a delightful sense of humour.
L6 — Create
(v) In your opinion, who actually needs "Vitamin-M" in this story, and why? Give reasons with evidence from the text.
The story's great irony is that it is Vidya, not Grandpa, who most needs Vitamin-M. While Grandpa remembers thousands of chess games, remembers everyone's birthday, and even remembers that he was the one who began the "Vitamin-M" joke, Vidya forgets: (a) her father's birthday despite marking it on the calendar; (b) his tradition of gifting on his own birthday. Grandpa himself turns the phrase back on her at the end. Ravi's father, too, remains perpetually confused — suggesting forgetfulness is not unique to the elderly.
Critical Reflection — Long Answer Questions
1.
Grandpa is portrayed as a person with failing memory at the beginning. Give two pieces of evidence to disprove this statement.
Evidence 1: Grandpa remembers the exact opening moves of chess grandmasters — Karpov's strategy against a computer, Bobby Fischer's error against Spassky — revealing a precise, encyclopaedic memory for the game. Evidence 2: He remembers his own birthday tradition of gifting everyone in the household and has prepared gift-wrapped parcels for Ravi, Vidya, and Ravi's father — all while Vidya herself had forgotten his birthday. His parting remark that Vidya needs "Vitamin-M" further proves his wit and memory are intact.
2.
Give two characteristic traits of each of the following characters: (i) Grandfather (ii) Ravi (iii) Ravi's mother
(i) Grandfather: Independent and dignified — refuses to be treated as helpless; Generous and witty — gives gifts on his own birthday and delivers the final ironic punchline. (ii) Ravi: Caring and resourceful — devises a surveillance plan to protect Grandpa while preserving his dignity; Loyal and empathetic — defends both Grandpa and his mother, and feels deep affection for his grandfather. (iii) Ravi's Mother (Vidya): Anxious and overprotective — speaks over-loudly to Grandpa and worries constantly about his safety; Well-meaning but sometimes patronising — her care is genuine but she unintentionally strips Grandpa of his independence.
3.
Was Grandfather aware that Ravi was following him? How do you know?
Yes, Grandpa almost certainly knew. The most conclusive evidence is the gift he gives Ravi: The Best Detective Stories, with the pointed comment about learning how to avoid being "fooled when trailing a suspect." This message could only be directed at someone he knew had been trailing him. Grandpa's cool demeanour throughout, his craftiness in tricking Ravi into letting him leave, and his gift of the cap to a stranger (which sent Ravi on the wrong bus) all suggest a man who was several steps ahead of his young "detective" grandson all day.
4.
Do you think it was easy for Ravi to follow his Grandfather? Why or why not?
No, it was far from easy. Ravi faced a series of humiliating obstacles: he was confronted by an umbrella-wielding mother at the park, harassed by loudly suspicious vendors at the tea stall, ejected from a ladies' hair salon, and ultimately led onto the wrong bus by a stranger wearing Grandpa's cap. He also had to balance remaining hidden (to protect his pride and Grandpa's) with staying close enough to intervene in a real emergency. The comedy of the story lies precisely in how badly Ravi's surveillance keeps going wrong.
5.
Some people believe society shows bias based on age. Give an example from the story or from your own experience where opinions or abilities were disregarded because of age.
In the story, Vidya's over-loud speech and her refusal to let Grandpa go out alone are examples of age-based bias — she assumes that because he is old, he is also incapable and childlike. Yet Grandpa's memory for chess, his generous traditions, and his navigating the city with ease all show this assumption to be wrong. In everyday life, similar bias occurs when elderly people's suggestions are dismissed at family meetings, or when they are not consulted about decisions that affect them directly — a form of ageism that the story gently but firmly challenges.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is Vitamin-M – Asha Nehemiah about in NCERT Class 9 Kaveri?
Vitamin-M – Asha Nehemiah is from NCERT Class 9 English Kaveri (NEP 2020 textbook) covering literary and language concepts with vocabulary, devices, and CBSE-aligned exercises.
What vocabulary is in Vitamin-M – Asha Nehemiah?
Key words from Vitamin-M – Asha Nehemiah are highlighted with contextual meanings, parts of speech, and usage examples in interactive vocabulary modals.
What literary devices are used in Vitamin-M – Asha Nehemiah?
Vitamin-M – Asha Nehemiah uses imagery, symbolism, metaphor, and figurative language identified with coloured tags throughout the lesson.
What exercises are included for Vitamin-M – Asha Nehemiah?
Exercises include extract-based comprehension questions, grammar workshops, vocabulary activities, and writing tasks with model answers.
How does Vitamin-M – Asha Nehemiah help CBSE Class 9 exam preparation?
Vitamin-M – Asha Nehemiah includes CBSE-format extract questions, 100-120 word long answer practice, and grammar exercises following Bloom's L1-L6.
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