This MCQ module is based on: Life Processes in Plants
TOPIC 38 OF 46
Life Processes in Plants
🎓 Class 7
Science
CBSE
Theory
Ch 10 — Life Processes in Plants
⏱ ~8 min
🌐 Language: [gtranslate]
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Chapter 10 at a Glance — Life Processes in Plants
Autotrophs
Green plants make their own food from CO\u2082, water, sunlight and chlorophyll.Photosynthesis
\(6CO_2 + 6H_2O \rightarrow C_6H_{12}O_6 + 6O_2\); takes place in chloroplasts.Stomata
Tiny pores on leaves that let gases in and water vapour out.Iodine Test
Iodine turns blue-black on starch — used to prove photosynthesis happened.Insectivorous
Green plants (Venus fly trap, pitcher) that also catch insects for nitrogen.Parasitic
Cuscuta takes food from a living host through haustoria; no chlorophyll.Saprophytic
Fungi feed on dead and decaying matter; recycle soil minerals.Symbiotic
Lichens — alga + fungus share food and shelter, helping each other.Xylem
Dead, hollow pipes that carry water and minerals upward.Phloem
Living tissue that carries food in both directions.Transpiration
Loss of water vapour from leaves; pulls water up and cools the plant.Respiration
Glucose + O\u2082 → CO\u2082 + H\u2082O + energy, day and night in every cell.Keyword Dictionary
AutotrophSelf-feeder that makes its own food.
HeterotrophDepends on other organisms for food.
ChlorophyllGreen pigment that traps sunlight.
ChloroplastOval body in leaf cells holding chlorophyll.
Stoma (stomata)Tiny pore bordered by guard cells.
StarchInsoluble storage form of glucose in plants.
HaustoriaPeg-like sucking roots of parasitic plants.
LichenSymbiosis of an alga and a fungus.
XylemPipeline carrying water upward.
PhloemTissue carrying food both ways.
TranspirationWater vapour loss from leaves.
LenticelSlit on bark for gas exchange.
NCERT Exercises — Solved
Q1. Why do green plants need sunlight?
Green plants use sunlight as the energy source for photosynthesis. Chlorophyll in the leaves traps sunlight and this energy is used to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose. Without sunlight, chlorophyll cannot power the reaction, so food cannot be made.
Q2. Write the chemical equation for photosynthesis and name one raw material and one product.
The equation is \( 6CO_2 + 6H_2O \xrightarrow[\text{chlorophyll}]{\text{sunlight}} C_6H_{12}O_6 + 6O_2 \).
Raw materials: carbon dioxide and water (sunlight and chlorophyll are conditions, not raw materials). Products: glucose and oxygen.
Raw materials: carbon dioxide and water (sunlight and chlorophyll are conditions, not raw materials). Products: glucose and oxygen.
Q3. What is the role of stomata in a leaf?
Stomata are tiny pores on the lower surface of a leaf surrounded by guard cells. They (i) let carbon dioxide enter for photosynthesis, (ii) allow oxygen produced in photosynthesis to escape, and (iii) release water vapour during transpiration. Guard cells open and close the pore to control these exchanges.
Q4. How will you test that a green leaf exposed to sunlight has made starch?
De-starch the plant by keeping it in darkness for 48 hours. Cover part of a leaf with black paper and expose the plant to sunlight for 4–6 hours. Pluck the leaf, boil it in water, then in alcohol to remove the green colour. Rinse, spread on a tile and pour dilute iodine on it. The exposed part turns blue-black, proving starch (and therefore photosynthesis) is present; the covered part stays pale.
Q5. Why are Venus fly trap and pitcher plant called partial heterotrophs?
Both plants have green leaves and carry out photosynthesis, so they are partly autotrophic. However, they grow in nitrogen-poor soils, so they also trap and digest insects to obtain nitrogen-rich minerals — a heterotrophic way of feeding. Because they combine both feeding methods, they are called partial heterotrophs.
Q6. How is Cuscuta different from a green climbing plant such as a money plant?
A money plant has green leaves, contains chlorophyll and makes its own food by photosynthesis. Cuscuta has no chlorophyll and no true leaves; its stem is yellow-orange. It wraps around a host plant and sends in peg-like haustoria to suck water and food from the host — it is a parasite that cannot survive on its own.
Q7. Explain symbiosis with the example of a lichen.
Symbiosis is a close partnership between two different organisms in which both benefit. In a lichen, an alga and a fungus live together. The alga has chlorophyll and makes food by photosynthesis, which it shares with the fungus. The fungus, in return, holds the pair to the rock or bark, absorbs water and minerals, and protects the alga. Neither partner could survive as well alone in such habitats.
Q8. Compare xylem and phloem in a table of three differences.
| Feature | Xylem | Phloem |
|---|---|---|
| Substance carried | Water and minerals | Food (glucose) |
| Direction | Upward (roots → leaves) | Both upward and downward |
| Cell state | Dead and hollow | Living |
Q9. What is transpiration? State two of its benefits to the plant.
Transpiration is the loss of water as vapour from the surface of a plant, mostly through the stomata of leaves. Two benefits: (i) it creates the transpiration pull that lifts water from roots to the topmost leaves through xylem; (ii) it cools the leaf, preventing overheating on sunny days. (A third benefit: it carries minerals upward with the rising water.)
Q10. Write the word equation for respiration. Does it take place day and night?
Word equation: Glucose + Oxygen → Carbon dioxide + Water + Energy. Respiration takes place every second of the day and night, in every living cell of the plant. It is photosynthesis that happens only in the daytime — respiration never stops as long as the plant is alive.
Q11. Name the three organs through which different parts of a plant exchange gases with the air.
(i) Stomata on leaves, (ii) Lenticels on the bark of woody stems, and (iii) Root hairs on the thin rootlets underground. Root hairs take air from the gaps between soil particles; that is why water-logged soil suffocates plant roots.
Q12. Why is it advisable not to sleep under a big tree at night, though it is fine in the daytime?
During the day the tree does photosynthesis (more than respiration), so it gives out plenty of oxygen — the air under it is oxygen-rich and refreshing. At night photosynthesis stops but respiration continues, so the tree gives out carbon dioxide and absorbs oxygen. The air under a dense tree at night has slightly less oxygen and more CO\u2082, which is why sleeping there is not considered healthy. The effect is small, but the reason is biological, not superstitious.
Frequently Asked Questions — Life Processes in Plants — Chapter 10 Exercises
What does the topic 'Life Processes in Plants — Chapter 10 Exercises' cover in Class 7 Science?
The topic 'Life Processes in Plants — Chapter 10 Exercises' is part of NCERT Class 7 Science Chapter 10 — Life Processes in Plants. It covers the key ideas of photosynthesis, plant nutrition, transport, NCERT exercises, explained through everyday examples, labelled diagrams and hands-on activities drawn from the NCERT Curiosity textbook. Students learn not just definitions but also the reasoning behind each concept so they can answer competency-based questions and assertion–reason items. The lesson helps Class 7 students build a strong base for higher classes by linking each idea to real observations at home, school and in nature, and by preparing them for CBSE school assessments and Olympiads.
Why is 'Life Processes in Plants — Chapter 10 Exercises' important for Class 7 NCERT Science?
'Life Processes in Plants — Chapter 10 Exercises' is important because it builds core scientific thinking that Class 7 students will use throughout middle and secondary school. NCERT Chapter 10 — Life Processes in Plants — introduces photosynthesis and related ideas that appear again in Class 8, 9 and 10 Science. Mastering this subtopic helps students read labels and safety signs, understand news about science and technology, and perform better in CBSE school exams. The chapter also encourages curiosity and evidence-based thinking — skills that support the National Education Policy (NEP) 2020 focus on conceptual understanding and competency-based learning.
What are the key concepts students should remember from Life Processes in Plants — Chapter 10 Exercises?
The key concepts in 'Life Processes in Plants — Chapter 10 Exercises' for Class 7 Science are: photosynthesis, plant nutrition, transport, NCERT exercises. Students should be able to define each term in their own words, give at least one everyday example, and explain how the concept connects to other chapters in NCERT Class 7 Science. For example, linking the idea to daily life — in the kitchen, classroom or outdoors — makes revision easier. Writing short notes, drawing labelled diagrams and solving the NCERT in-text and exercise questions for Chapter 10 will help students retain these concepts for unit tests and the annual CBSE examination.
How is Life Processes in Plants — Chapter 10 Exercises taught using activities in NCERT Curiosity Class 7?
NCERT Curiosity Class 7 Science teaches 'Life Processes in Plants — Chapter 10 Exercises' using an inquiry-based approach with Predict–Observe–Explain activities. Students are asked to make a guess first, then perform a simple experiment with safe, easily available materials, and finally explain what they observed. This matches the NEP 2020 focus on learning by doing. For Chapter 10 — Life Processes in Plants — the textbook includes hands-on tasks, labelled diagrams and questions that build Bloom's Taxonomy skills from Remember (L1) to Create (L6). Teachers use these activities, along with competency-based questions (CBQs) and assertion–reason items, to check real understanding rather than rote memorisation.
How should Class 7 students prepare for the Chapter 10 exercises?
To prepare for the Chapter 10 — Life Processes in Plants — exercises in NCERT Class 7 Science, students should first revise the theory in Parts 1–3 and make a short list of definitions and diagrams for photosynthesis, plant nutrition, transport, NCERT exercises. Next, attempt each exercise question on their own before checking the solution. Pay extra attention to MCQs, assertion–reason questions and short-answer items, as these appear in CBSE competency-based tests. Practising with the NCERT Curiosity textbook, the exemplar questions, and the MyAiSchool practice bank helps Class 7 students score better in unit tests and the annual examination.
How does 'Life Processes in Plants — Chapter 10 Exercises' connect to other chapters of Class 7 Science?
'Life Processes in Plants — Chapter 10 Exercises' connects to many other chapters in NCERT Class 7 Science Curiosity. The ideas of photosynthesis appear again when students study related topics like heat, light, changes, life processes and Earth-Sun-Moon. For example, understanding this subtopic helps in building mental models for later chapters and for Class 8, 9 and 10 Science. Teachers often use cross-chapter questions in CBSE examinations to test whether students can apply what they learned in Chapter 10 — Life Processes in Plants — to new situations. This integrated approach matches the NEP 2020 and NCF 2023 focus on holistic, competency-based learning.
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