This MCQ module is based on: Exercises — Sectors of the Indian Economy
TOPIC 7 OF 17
Exercises — Sectors of the Indian Economy
🎓 Class 10
Social Science
CBSE
Theory
Ch 2 — Sectors of the Indian Economy
⏱ ~15 min
🌐 Language: [gtranslate]
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Exercises — Sectors of the Indian Economy
End-of-Chapter Exercises | Key Terms Summary | Practice Questions with Answers
Key Terms — Sectors of the Indian Economy Chapter 2 Revision
Primary Sector
Activities that directly use natural resources — agriculture, dairy, fishing, mining, forestry.
Secondary Sector
Manufacturing and industrial activities that transform natural products into finished goods.
Tertiary Sector
Service sector — transport, banking, trade, communication, education, health, IT.
GDP / GVA
GDP = total value of all final goods and services produced within a country in a year. GVA adjusts for taxes and subsidies.
Disguised Unemployment
People appear employed but contribute less than their potential. Removing some workers would not reduce output.
Organised / Unorganised
Organised = registered, follows labour laws, job security. Unorganised = informal, no security, low wages, 80%+ of workers.
NCERT Exercise Questions with Answers — Sectors of Indian Economy
Exercise 1 — Fill in the Blanks
L3 Apply
- Employment in the service sector _________ increased to the same extent as production. (has / has not)
- Workers in the _________ sector do not produce goods. (tertiary / agricultural)
- Most of the workers in the _________ sector enjoy job security. (organised / unorganised)
- A _________ proportion of labourers in India are working in the unorganised sector. (large / small)
- Cotton is a _________ product and cloth is a _________ product. (natural / manufactured)
- The activities in primary, secondary and tertiary sectors are _________. (independent / interdependent)
Answers
(i) has not (ii) tertiary (iii) organised (iv) large (v) natural; manufactured (vi) interdependent
Exercise 2 — Multiple Choice Questions
L3 Apply
Q2(a)
The sectors are classified into public and private sector on the basis of:
Q2(b)
Production of a commodity, mostly through the natural process, is an activity in _________ sector.
Q2(c)
GDP is the total value of _________ produced during a particular year.
Q2(d)
In terms of GVA, the share of tertiary sector in 2017-18 is between _________ per cent.
Exercise 3 — Match the Following
L3 Apply
| Problems Faced by Farming Sector | Some Possible Measures | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 1. | Unirrigated land | (a) Setting up agro-based mills | |
| 2. | Low prices for crops | (b) Cooperative marketing societies | |
| 3. | Debt burden | (c) Procurement of food grains by government | |
| 4. | No job in the off season | (d) Construction of canals by the government | |
| 5. | Compelled to sell grains to local traders soon after harvest | (e) Banks to provide credit with low interest |
Answers
1 — (d) Construction of canals by the government2 — (c) Procurement of food grains by government
3 — (e) Banks to provide credit with low interest
4 — (a) Setting up agro-based mills
5 — (b) Cooperative marketing societies
Exercise 4 — Find the Odd One Out
L4 Analyse
- Tourist guide, dhobi, tailor, potter
- Teacher, doctor, vegetable vendor, lawyer
- Postman, cobbler, soldier, police constable
- MTNL, Indian Railways, Air India, Jet Airways, All India Radio
Answers
(i) Tourist guide — provides a service (tertiary), while others produce/transform goods (secondary).(ii) Vegetable vendor — works in trade/selling (may be unorganised), while others are typically organised sector professionals.
(iii) Cobbler — private/unorganised, while postman, soldier, police constable are government (public sector) employees.
(iv) Jet Airways — private sector, while MTNL, Indian Railways, Air India, and All India Radio are public sector enterprises.
Short Answer and Discussion Questions — CBSE Board Preparation
Exercise 5 — Data Analysis (Surat Workers)
A research scholar studied working people in Surat and found the following data. Complete the table and find the percentage of unorganised sector workers.
| % | Nature | Place of Work |
|---|---|---|
| 15 | Organised | Offices and factories registered with government |
| 15 | Organised | Own shops, offices, clinics with formal license |
| 20 | Unorganised | Street work, construction, domestic work |
| 50 | Unorganised | Small workshops usually not registered |
Exercise 6
Do you think the classification of economic activities into primary, secondary and tertiary is useful? Explain how.
Exercise 9
How is the tertiary sector different from other sectors? Illustrate with a few examples.
Exercise 10
What do you understand by disguised unemployment? Explain with an example each from the urban and rural areas.
Exercise 11
Distinguish between open unemployment and disguised unemployment.
Exercise 12
"Tertiary sector is not playing any significant role in the development of Indian economy." Do you agree? Give reasons in support of your answer.
Exercise 17
Explain the objective of implementing the MGNREGA 2005.
Exercise 20
Give a few examples of public sector activities and explain why the government has taken them up.
Exercise 24 — GVA Data Visualisation
The following chart visualises the GVA data from Exercise 24 for 2000 and 2013.
📚 Competency-Based Questions — Chapter Revision
Scenario: A district in central India has the following profile: 70% of workers are in agriculture (mostly small farms), a few registered factories employ 10% of workers, and the remaining 20% work as street vendors, rickshaw pullers, and domestic helpers. The district's total production shows that agriculture contributes 25%, industry 35%, and services 40%.
Q1. The mismatch between employment share and production share in the primary sector indicates:
L4 Analyse
Q2. The 20% of workers who are street vendors, rickshaw pullers, and domestic helpers most likely belong to:
L3 Apply
Q3. Evaluate which of the following policies would be MOST effective in reducing disguised unemployment in this district.
L5 Evaluate
Q4 (HOT). As the District Magistrate, draft a three-point action plan to improve the economic condition of the 20% unorganised service sector workers in this district.
L6 Create
⚖ Assertion–Reason Questions — Chapter Revision
Assertion (A): The classification of economic activities into primary, secondary, and tertiary is based on the nature of the activity performed.
Reason (R): The classification into organised and unorganised sectors is based on the ownership of enterprises.
Reason (R): The classification into organised and unorganised sectors is based on the ownership of enterprises.
Assertion (A): In India, the tertiary sector has the largest share in GVA but the primary sector has the largest share in employment.
Reason (R): Sufficient jobs were not created in the secondary and tertiary sectors to absorb workers moving out of agriculture.
Reason (R): Sufficient jobs were not created in the secondary and tertiary sectors to absorb workers moving out of agriculture.
Reference: NCERT Official Textbook — Economics Class 10 | CBSE Curriculum 2025
Frequently Asked Questions — Sectors of Indian Economy Exercises
What are important questions from Chapter 2 Economics Class 10?
Important questions include: explain the three sectors with examples, why the tertiary sector is largest producing sector in India, distinguish organised and unorganised sectors, explain disguised unemployment, discuss government role in public sector, and compare employment vs GDP contribution across sectors. These frequently appear in CBSE board exams.
How to answer questions on GDP and sectors?
Define GDP as the total value of all final goods and services produced in a country during a year. Explain each sector's contribution: primary (agriculture), secondary (manufacturing), tertiary (services). Use data showing the tertiary sector contributes over 50 percent of GDP. Mention that GDP excludes intermediate goods to avoid double counting and compare sector shares over decades.
What is the difference between final goods and intermediate goods?
Final goods are sold to end consumers and not used as raw materials for further production. Intermediate goods are used as inputs in producing other goods. For example, wheat sold to a consumer is a final good, but wheat sold to a flour mill is intermediate. Only final goods are counted in GDP to avoid double counting.
How to write long answers on employment in sectors?
Start with historical context showing agriculture employed most workers at independence. Present current data showing primary sector still employs most workers despite contributing less to GDP. Explain the GDP-employment mismatch and disguised unemployment. Discuss NREGA and other measures. Conclude with suggestions for creating more employment in secondary and tertiary sectors.
What key terms should I learn for Chapter 2 Economics?
Key terms include: primary sector, secondary sector, tertiary sector, GDP, underemployment, disguised unemployment, organised sector, unorganised sector, public sector, private sector, NREGA/MGNREGA, intermediate goods, final goods, economic activities, and seasonal unemployment. Understanding each with examples is essential for CBSE board exams.
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